BOOK REPORT
Submitted to the Lecturer of English for Academic and Profesional Interaction II
to Fulfil the Mid-term Tes Assignment
By :
Samsul Ramli : 1209204113
English Department
The Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training
The State Islamic University
Sunan Gunung Djati
Bandung
2010
A. Background to The Report
The purpose of writing this book report is to fulfill the mid-term test assignment. We choose the book of George and Sam. It is a true story that tell us about autism. It is written elegantly based on private observation. It is a precious contribution for the families that want to know more about autism.
For charlotte more, george’s mother, George and Sam is trouble maker but beside that they will never same as the other children that grow up naturally become an adult person who stand alone. However, Charlote- who take care of them alone, together with her third son, Jake that is not autism – refuse to give themselves or her son affection.
In this inspiring book, Charlote Moore tell her family’s life cleverly. From the beginning she aware that her first son is autism and accept the reality that no one can recover him, until tells the strange ritual and funny in their daily life.
The process we got this book, we bought it at Gramedia Bookstore. When we come there, there is no this book, so we must waiting for a week to order this book. Finally, after a week, we got it. Then we divided the chapter together with our group to each person, read it and started to make this book report.
B. Identity of the book
1. The Title : George and Sam
2. The Writer : Charlote Moore
3. The Publisher : PT. Elek Media Kompetindo
4. The Time and The Place of Publishing :
5. The Number of The Pages : 334 pages
Chapter 1 Is there any seeds in the family
In this chapter charlotte more told us about her childhood. and then compared it with her two sons childhood (George and Sam). Each child will be considered a normal family life. Only when our adult reassess things and who does not supposed to. However, childhood psychiatric George and Sam are very different. Their experiences in stark contrast, not connected with each other. How the collection was not continuous sensory awareness, not produce a clear pattern.
When this is generally understood that autism involves genetic factors, which exist in the family tree. The picture was in contrast to the fact that the reference to the nature of a unsocial, autism tend to have less likely to be biased to be a parent than the other communities.
He was not afraid of heights (the characteristics of most people with autism) and likes to walk around on the roof of a factory chimney or tower of the castle.
Chapter 2 Miracle babies
George is not a firstborn. There was one more, which should be 14 years old. In 1987, Moore and Min Charlotte married and they really want the presence of a child. But after an ultrasound scan them know that there are babies in the womb armless and only has half a hand and they finally agreed to have an abortion, because they are worried if the baby will keep making them depressed married life, but apparently they finally parted.
Research call, the babies who later suffered from autism, many experiencing difficult birth process. The first assumption mentioned, there process is causing damage to the baby, probably oxygen supply to the brain decreases. Another theory about the "birth of autism" sounds more plausible. This theory is called active since pregnancy autism. The difficulty of the process because of the difficulty of babies born to work together. Infant instinct is not working correctly. The lack of eye contact is a prominent feature of autism. The fun will be lost eye contact as needs be taught simultaneously with the onset of walking --- she does not like to sleep lying down.
Recent research, using eye contact assessment device that autistic gaze focused on the bottom half of the face, especially in part of mouth. While the "look normal people" explore from top to bottom, from eye to mouth to hand, make judgments about the intentions and thoughts of the person observed. Autism, only concentrate on the lower face, lost almost all of these instructions. Ironically, with the ability minimal language, autism rely heavily on the spoken words to understand the general case.
Chapter 3 Put down the phone and please repeat it again later
All people with autism do not have normal language. Some even did not bias talking, but their bias was taught sign language. This seems not be a problem, but in-depth tests will be visible speech patterns are rigid or inflexible. Autism may not be able to modify a complex vocabulary to understand what he was saying bias a child or a stranger. Very possibly, the whole topic talks only about things that interest him or touch him.
Almost all people with autism is difficult in the use of the possessive pronoun. George could not distinguish when to use the words "I", "ME" and "MY" until the age of six and a half years. I think that autistic children use language in two different ways. First, to get what they want. And use language that is mostly for things concrete and functional. Second, there is one kind of another language that they have. Which they usually use for their own satisfaction. They muttered to himself, repeating a small part in the video dialogues, reduce or eliminate the words sounded strange to be shouted or whispered.
Chapter 4 Two series in the family
Often, children with autism previously thought to suffer from deafness, before the diagnosis finally came true. Mothers often confused them child ignore their words, but could immediately ran to the corner of the park heard a bag of chips when opened. Autism is often called "schizophrenia in childhood" or "childhood mental disorders." This is considered a low level in the spectrum of psychosis. At lower levels, children are now diagnosed with Aspergers syndrome, once considered merely a lazy child, somewhat disturbed, eksenterik, or awkward. So, most of this increase, broadly refers to the spread of certain diagnostic criteria
George and Sam were born autistic. But this time nobody noticed. And, there's no one to blame because they do not notice the symptoms, because it is not obvious. Setbacks are often found in children with autism aged two or three years, is closely linked to what is expected of them. Their brains work too hard and failed to cope. Parents are usually believed to have normal children, continue to encourage the child to fit the actual path for a normal kid, but unfortunately, not for children with autism.
Chapter 5 Diagnosis
In 1943, Leo Kanner was the first to create a description of autism "classic", sometimes also referred to as "Kanner's syndrome".
Hans Asperger, a year later, in 1944 to publish his findings. Asperger canderung case study in children with autism lead with high intelligence, the latter generally accepted as the autism spectrum. Asperger emphasized, in addition to social skills are still pretty, the children have Asperger's "originality of thought and experience" (not the result of imitation, which may be capable of guiding them towards achieving the extraordinary life).
George and Sam does not fit when inserted in the case of Asperger's, although George tend to be closer. The weakness of communication that does not mean there is no communication. Very few children with autism are increasingly unable to communicate at all, although many are not willing to talk.
George and Sam can express joy and frustration, but could not berencan, pretend, or persuade. Babies with autism do not ever pretend.
At the age of fifteen months, George looked like a talented and Sam like Mr. Cheap's smile.
Chapter 6 Journey Toward Diagnosis
In 1992 at the age of two years and three months of George's very interesting, like socializing, interested in many adult thing designed is shown to him. Gila books, likes to play, humorous, and happy to show his sing talent and poetry in front of anyone. Less than three months later, it all suddenly disappeared.
With increasing years, Sam started to see problems. But the problem Min and George look bigger. Sam was like a little slow, and somewhat strange. Speech sounds very messy.
A child growing up without a label (autism or Asperger syndrome), means that are in danger to grow up without proper handling
Chapter 7 Could it be cured?
There's no cure for autism whatever. That is a controversial statement.
When George first got diagnosisi autism, we were told that proper education is the only useful treatment. An education program that focuses on setting behavior, such as ABA, is the best way of tackling social problems and intellectual.
Month in March 1999, just before their fortieth birthday, Sam felt the discomfort that is at its worst. She was screaming almost every time, and trying to hold off his clothes. His whole body full of scars and scratches pinch. That same year, he underwent injection sekrtin, and his condition never deteriorated again.
George and Sam were in trutin examined by midwives, health workers, and physicians. Until George was three and a half years, they did not say there's something wrong with my two sons.
Chapter 8 Sam Disaster
As the growing sam from toddler to child, he was even less demanding.
There are several ways to discipline children, namely by getting rid of his favorite things, prohibit meet his friends, and make the child feel ashamed.
ttetapi an effect on the sam is the first way, because the others associated with social sensibility, which is independent sam.
autism generally can not comply, although it does not mean bad.
sam has a deep interest in some aspects of the world around, even on other aspects really blind.
at that age most are still in the way of talking george adaptation of the sources he remembered.
on the other hand scrolled the language skills are not clearly visible when showing peningkatan.yang age of five and a half years, all of that disappear within six months.
adi setbacks were common and inevitable in children with autism, generally occurs in the second year of life. suddenly lost interest in playing, talking, desire to make social contacts diminished, in some cases the loss can be permanent.
sam needs to be aware of the guidance and, more sam autism than before the disaster
Chapter 9 Different Understanding
Sam a psychologist researching families, and give the impression / emotional reasons for the increased pleasure alone lost the ability to speak, weeping incoherently, difficulty sleeping, and the desire to hurt himself.
until october 1997, although not easily seen in autism and in control / are taught, as he seemed cheerful, always busy, and the eccentric can socialize.
during spring 1998, all seemed to disappear, that is scrolled so difficult to achieve. dated 26 January 1998, during which george birthday to eight, maybe this behavior is caused later sam pregnancy, which would replace his position.
autistic children could not respond, like normal kids, do not understand what to say, not impressed at all.
Chapter 10 The Gentle Violence
Spring on 1999, me, sam, and my aunt merial. Standup in katedral balcon in Hereford.
We leap George and jake, under watching people in place,whaile we invinite sam just enough to change sees.
Sam lost,I call police to find sam,after around sam find in up the wye bank. Sam does’t injury, and doesn’t afraid.
But just little autism suffering, can life alone, to be adult.
George like fair, and difficult hold back, throw a paper to fireplace and then die, sam does’t have know about the future. Reason sam just care if I thing angry/ not, because high volume scream and he feel afraid. ABA program sam through begain to success.
My motivation,following ABA program so that George and sam, submissive before adolescent.
Chapter 11 Blackberry and Drying Mechine
Sam would like wash machine, he does’t feel tired watch was machine until he 5 th old, George extracted to blackberry forcefull almost sam to wash machine.
Sam familiar with wash machine kid in school.
George write some poem, when he 4 year,
“look at all of blackberry
It want pick self
It want grow
It want pick self
It want grow
Blackberry smile
Let pick self.
It poem about blackberry, difficult to know interestd autism, change to be obsession, and when obsession just for release.
But sam extracted destroyed in autumn 1997.
Chapter 12 Tomato Catsup for All
Food is acceptable George: coco pops (dry), toast, and marmite, but the flesh is the most important for him, since the past until now. Actually not because of diet restrictions that make me anxious. I have heard much worse, I suffered worse as time where for a few weeks the only solid food that can pass through the upper lip is Sam Jaffa Cakes (which I threw out the bottom like a sponge for the birds to scatter food, but birds the birds would not touch it). Yang was more worried about me than the strict high-protein diet is a diet that George had to wait until hunger. This has already lasted for 18 months
In theory, that could eat him are various types of meats, fish or vegetables. Eggs, rice, maize flour, potatoes, beans, peas, tofu, soy ... so many, such as endless. The hitch, of course, Sam does not know it as food. Currently, he is very dependent on rice crackers, breakfast cereals (gf), biscuit gf is very expensive, and "potato products." The "best" that want to be eaten are eggs, in the form of omelets and only twice a week, as well as sausages and burgers gf at most once a week. Sam taking a daily vitamin in tablet form, but do not want to touch the special nutritional supplements prescribed nutritional experts. But I do not feel guilty if Sam diets of low nutritional value because the dominant enough nutrients also exist in the remnants of food he ate when he was allowed to choose their own food.
Chapter 13 Education,education,education
Ideal environment for children with autism must have looked boring to the eyes of normal people. Flat, pale-colored walls,
Chapter 14
I can’t say that why autism can’t fast asleep. But because they do anything with defferent method, seems that impossible their habit same with us. They always emotion, nervous, and over stimulation. In their dictionary nothing rileks. Their senses which very sensitive, maybe it’s mean they difficult coped with disruption light or sound. They often dependent rituals. Jacqui Jackson, 4 of 7 brothers be spectrum autism. He says, his brother Ben very fanatic at his daily. If his pudding lose, he will cried out for pudding in mid night. Not want to his pudding comeback, but cause he not hold out if daily changed. And of course, cause less social bond, autism faild adapt theirselves with sleep pattern hoped everyone. Maybe same with their can’t uses sweater in winter,or clean their bottom after loosen the bowels.
Chapter 15
Both my son have strong respons about color, especially George. They can mention all color very fluent before second birth, I remember when George 2 th 3 month, sit in his chair and see the donkey. “what is the color of donkey?” ask me. “gray. No, brown gray. No, brown gray pink,” his answer. Sensitivity about this color . Jessy Park now 40 th, uses various color for detail her painting with gradation design nearly disvisible so almost unseen by eyes usual people.
Chapter 16 Between God and Tooth Fairy
When George was four years old, we asked him what he wanted for Christmast gift. He said that he wanted aphid- a kind of small insects that damage crops; crops louse. His kind baptism mother prepared a box of insect which almost similar with the thing that he wanted. He interesting with it. He likes to see the way they are walking like walking in the moon, from one side to another side-and they were put for a year at the corner of the bathroom, looks happy. But she just aware now, actually he didn’t want aphid. When he said “Aphid” , he just connect “aphid” with the word “want”. It’s because in the book story of the Bad Tempered Lady Bird written by Eric Carle,an protagonist actor repeat the sentence “ I want those aphids”. George’s request indicates that out of vocabulary words and his adult speech, he misunderstood about those words mean.
It also shows that he only have a few concept of christmas. But it is not because he forgotten the previous christmas. His lack of ability to edit or to organize his mind/memory is one of the major trouble. He remember about christmas but he don’t understand the basic question/standard question about christmast. He don’t interest with the idea to give/share and to accept. He don’t know what the function of gift, materially and symbolically. He have no idea about what he wanted. Autism children have different reaction to the gift. Usually, some of them who not too clever, like Sam will smell every gift, and if it smell like chocolate, he will tear the cover of the gift without aware for whom that gift. While autism who has more ability, like george has an anxious feeling to the gift. But they don’t like surprise. They can’t understand what’s the meaning of gift wrap(paper for covering gift), except enjoy the physic sensation to tear it. Most of them like to be give Thomas the Tank Engine’s Video not in ceremonial event. They don’t know how to respons if they are given some gift by others. All of this make them confuse. They can’t easily accept the gift. Like George, he will scream if there is someone who give him gift, even he will throw it away to the rubbish box. It will make us that give him it, be hurt. But that’s autism world. They will confuse because most of people are sosialized in christmas, they are have a chat, the people are crowded, so it make them afraid and confuse. Autism is challenge for us, we have to try to explain what is religion for human. Christopher Smart in his poem My Cat Jeoffry, describe his cat as “a tool for children to study about the truth.” Probably, it’s the comfort way to explain about truth to them,so without awareness, they complete a measure of attitude morality normal human.
Chapter 17 Wear a cloth and Make it damage
Charlote moore, their mother, was making a cup of coffee for guests. Even when he was willing to take the sugar, She should slowly so as not to know George and Sam. but it was useless, because eventually caught as well. They jumped off the couch / chair to get the sugar, sugar She tried to protect it so that they do not spill it, or lick it directly in the sugar bowl. She stopped with her knees. and finally the situation under control. She had been accustomed to full alert in the case of minors, so that She no longer feel tense. They will still look like aliens when they heard the closet door opened, but much more responsive to say "no" after ABA therapy. They have no awareness of themselves that they can not touch this or that. but if an adult gives a command, usually they will stop.
In other cases, they like up and down on the roof of the car, get into and if any tapes they would ruin it, even leaving the lights on, turn the glass-screened, even car seats smeared with feces by George that actually more sociable than Sam. That case make her upset. Donna Wiliams explains autism easily become confused on the second function of similar goods. if it was white and there is a square near the bathroom will be used as bathroom tissue. Sam also had her underwear flushed down the toilet. he does not like clothing buckles. if there are buttons on the sleeve, it will ruin it, widen the hole buttons. when he ran out of underwear and socks to be included into the toilet, then he will stop it down the toilet. She hopes through this book She could give an explanation that people with autism have an abnormal response of any kind, never had a boring or not something looks dangerous.
Compensation for Me
There is a time that stressful, but is a problem always be in every family, isn’t it? Tension/stress, tolerance are different with the other family generally. Maybe this life will not be like in the hell, if she is not too mad. But for her, it takes her long time to accept all of this (her autism’s sons) calm and quietly like now. Everyday her two sons make her mad, and bore. But equally, everyday they entertain her.
Chapter 18 Compensation to Me
There are some extreme stressful period, but is the problem also exist in every family in general? Maybe life is not too like in hell, if She is not too upset. But it takes her long time to can accept all of this calm and quietly like now. Everyday they make her mad and bore. But equally, they give her entertainment. They expressed their characteristic in every little thing that they do, and uniquely she like each characteristic . The main rule is if her three sons are happy, she will happy. But to understand Sam, it is rather difficult because he can say what he feel. His screamed can mean anything, from the stomach ulcers till just because she put his biscuit in green plate and not in blue plate as he like .
Her two sons, especially George feel comfortable if there is no directly contact. They like wild deer because the way they are approach, then contact that just a minute, then escape, like them. George and Sam never crazy over with the new trend that up to date. They make her confuse. They are destructive, asocial, and unpredictable, except you know them well. They also have no ill will, not matrealistis, handsome and makes anyone interested.
Chapter 19 Then What?
This book tell us about childhood autism . George and Sam has some signs of physically puberty, but the change emotionally and social are not too visible. sexual sensitivity is poor, not like when they were seven years old. It’s hard to hope her autism children to be independent, she can not imagine that. Autism is unpredictable. One of health problem that appeared on autism is epilepsy which develop when teenager. The second therapy has make their behavior are control. Don’t think that we can change them. We can’t change them. But we have to understand them. Even it is hard to the parents of autism children to find out the good babysitter. Because they need a babysitter who creative, always wary, and have experienced.
Will self, an educated person say that autism is same with “cold blood” and “like to be alone”. Should she know the definition of autism well. The word “autism” come from Greek that have the meaning “ self”. For an autism person, a self concept is something which complex. Hope that this book can explain it. This mysterious, unique, and passionate person will always exist in our life, become a measurement for our morality behavior, the challenges that can’t be understood on our definition about what is human.
Conclusions:
So after reading this book, we know that autism is a disease that can not be the cure, autism is a disorder marked by emotional breakup with the community, and look at life from the point of interests and desires of their own.
we even have to know the symptoms of what may cause autism, ranging from lack of eye contact, because it is one of the prominent features of autism.
most people with autism are boys, all patients with autism do not have normal language, some can not even talk, but they can be taught sign language, this seems to not really matter, but in-depth tests would appear to speak a rigid pattern whether or not flexible.
capabilities even before going to fade away with increasing age, but not all of it was permanently lost, there is also the ability to return.
AUTIS
Autisme is a condition of a person from birth or during infancy, which makes him unable to form social relationships or normal communication. As a result the child is isolated from other human beings into the world and repetitive, obsessive activities and interests. (Baron-Cohen, 1993). According to Power (1989) the characteristics of children with autism is a disorder in the six areas:
social interaction,
communication (language and speech),
behavioral-emotional,
patterns of play,
sensory and motor disturbances
delayed or abnormal development.
These symptoms began to appear from birth or as a child, usually before a child aged three years.
Autism in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-IV R is one of five types of disorders under the umbrella of PDD (Perpasive Development Disorder) outside of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder). Perpasiv developmental disorder (PDD) is a term used to describe a group of developmental disorders under the (umbrella term), PDD, namely:
Autistic Disorder (Autism) Appear before the age of three years and indicated the existence of barriers in social interaction, communication and imaginative play skills and stereotyped behaviors in the presence and activities of interest.
Asperger's Syndrome Barriers development of social interaction and the limited interests and activities, generally do not show delays in language and talk, and has the intelligence level of an average to above average.
A pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) Refers to the term atypical autism, PDD-NOS diagnosis applies if a child does not indicate the overall criteria of a particular diagnosis (autism, Asperger's or Rett Syndrome).
Rett's syndrome more common in girls and rarely occurs in boys. Had been progressing normally and then a decline / loss of its ability; loss of functional abilities, which were replaced with hand-move your hands move repeatedly in the age range 1-4 years.
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) Indicates a normal development during the first two years of age the development and then suddenly loses the abilities that have been achieved previously.
Diagnosis Perpasive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified Develompmental (PDD - NOS) is usually used or worn in the United States to explain that some characteristics of autism in a person (Howlin, 1998: 79). National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities (NICHCY) in the United States declared that autism and PDD - NOS is a developmental disorder that tend to have similar characteristics and symptoms appear before age 3 years. Both are neurological disorders that are affecting the ability to communicate, understand language, play and ability to relate to others. The inability to adapt to change and the responses that are not fair to the sensory experience is often also linked to the symptoms of autism
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